Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

Which condition is characterized by the presence of osteomas?

1. Gardner's syndrome

2. Paget's disease

3. Osteogenesis imperfecta

4. Osteomyelitis

The correct answer is: Gardner's syndrome

The presence of osteomas is closely associated with Gardner's syndrome, a genetic disorder that is part of the familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) spectrum. Gardner's syndrome is characterized by multiple osteomas, which are benign tumors that typically occur in the bones of the skull, face, and mandible. In addition to osteomas, individuals with this syndrome often exhibit other features such as epidermoid cysts, fibromas, and especially a predisposition to colorectal cancer due to the development of numerous adenomatous polyps in the colon. None of the other conditions listed are primarily characterized by the presence of osteomas. Paget's disease is associated with abnormal bone remodeling and may result in enlarged and deformed bones, but it does not specifically involve osteomas. Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder characterized by brittle bones due to a collagen defect, while osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone and does not involve osteomas. Hence, the correct answer is attributed to the unique association of osteomas with Gardner's syndrome.